The fishbowl technique is a dynamic group discussion method that encourages engaging conversations and facilitates the exchange of diverse perspectives. It is a unique approach that involves isolating a smaller group of participants within a larger group to discuss a predetermined topic. The remaining participants act as observers, actively listening and taking notes.
The fishbowl technique offers several advantages over traditional group discussions, such as:
- Encourages Active Participation: Smaller discussion groups foster a more intimate setting, encouraging even the quieter members to voice their opinions and engage in the conversation.
- Promotes Diverse Perspectives: By separating the observers from the discussion group, the fishbowl technique minimizes the pressure to conform and allows a wider range of viewpoints to emerge.
- Enriched Learning: Observers gain valuable insights by witnessing firsthand how others approach the topic and analyze the arguments presented. Note taking by observers further enhances learning and retention.
How to Conduct a Fishbowl Discussion
The fishbowl technique is a straightforward process that can be easily implemented. Here’s a step-by-step guide:
- Set the Stage: Clearly define the topic for discussion and ensure everyone is familiar with the fishbowl technique’s structure.
- Form the Inner Circle: Select a small group of 4-6 participants to form the inner circle, responsible for initiating the discussion.
- Outer Circle Takes a Backseat: The remaining participants form the outer circle and assume the role of observers throughout the discussion.
- Facilitate the Discussion: A facilitator can be designated to guide the conversation within the inner circle, ensuring everyone gets a chance to speak and the discussion stays on topic.
- Outer Circle Gets Active: After a predetermined time, open the floor for questions and comments from the outer circle, allowing them to engage with the inner circle.
- Debrief and Summarize: Conclude the session with a group debrief to synthesize the key takeaways and learnings from the discussion.
The fishbowl technique is a versatile tool that can be applied in various group discussion settings, from educational workshops and brainstorming sessions to focus groups and team meetings. Its ability to promote active participation, diverse perspectives, and enriched learning makes it a valuable asset for fostering productive and engaging group discussions.
List of recommended resources #
For a broad overview #
This toolkit by Stanford SPARQtools gives an overview of the fishbowl technique for facilitating effective group discussions. It outlines the discussion norms as well as the different models that can be used within this technique.
This article gives an overview of the fishbowl strategy used for organizing medium-to large-group discussions. It delineates the various steps involved in conducting discussions using the fishbowl technique. It also provides certain guiding questions useful for researchers interested in using this technique.
For-in depth understanding #
How to design & lead an interactive fishbowl
This 2-part article by Carri Munn and Elsa Henderson of Converge provides an in-depth understanding of a fishbowl, when it is a good time to use this method, when it might work well and when it might not, as well as the detailed steps of how a fishbowl discussion works.
Use of the fishbowl method for a discussion with a large group
This report of the EAHIL Workshop in Stockholm in June 2013 analyzes how the fishbowl method can be an effective technique for conducting a discussion with a large group, even that of about 50 people. The report discusses the method in detail, along with its results and discussion.
Case study #
Can I See Your Answers? Applying the Fishbowl Method in Marketing Analytics Classes
This research article by Han-Ling Jiang, Lin-Hua Lu, Tsunwai Wesley Yuen, Yu-Lin Liu, and Conrad Coelho proposes that employing the Fishbowl method, can effectively empower students to augment their learning and performance in marketing analysis by strengthening their metacognition. The paper also explores the moderating effects of task complexity and students’ divergent thinking.
In this study by Madhav M. Mutalik, the fishbowl strategy is used for conducting a pharmacology seminar. The aim was to make every student actively involved in the process. Learning outcome was assessed by comparing pre-test and post-test scores. Perceptions of students were assessed by a comprehensive questionnaire inquiring about the novel “fishbowl” method as well as seminars in general as a teaching-learning tool.
References #
Fishbowl Technique: A Unique Approach to Boosting Collaboration and Discussion
