Data of distinct types and natures surround us, and this variety in structure gives data its richness.

Data mining is the finding, sorting, and analyzing large datasets to find valuable information.

The GEE can be used to analyze longitudinal data, repeat measurements, or clustered observations.

In the data science world, you hear the terms descriptive analytics, predictive analytics, prescriptive analytics, or diagnostic analytics.

By analyzing historical and current data, predictive analytics anticipates events in the future.

Models consisting of multiple levels are also referred to as linear mixed, hierarchical, or mixed-effect models.

In computer science, artificial intelligence (AI) is the development of intelligent machines that mimic the capabilities of humans.

Difference-in-Difference is one of the most popular quasi-experimental techniques, backed by a large body of historical evidence.

Randomised controlled trial (RCT) is a popular evaluation design.

Regression Discontinuity Design is a quasi-experimental design and another way to deal with selection bias.

Change in government policy is brought about by influencing the opinions of leaders and decision-makers through policy advocacy.

It is often not possible to do a randomized controlled trial or RCT in a real-world setting for impact evaluation.