The project has been commissioned by Ministry of Urban Development (MoUD) Project Management Unit. The objective of the assignment was to develop a monitoring, learning and evaluation (MLE) framework which included development of a theory of change, logical framework as well as learning systems for continuous improvement of the Swachh Bharat Mission-Urban. The MLE framework enabled the Ministry of Urban Development to monitor and measure the attainment of its processes, outputs, outcomes and goals of open defecation-free ecosystem as well as inform strategy and decision making through its learning systems. Sambodhi’s job involved helping the Ministry of Urban Development in design of a comprehensive MLE framework which included a rigorous compilation of theory of change, logical framework as well as the learning systems. Sambodhi has developed these documents with the help of in-depth literature review, consultation with the client as well as the existing Swachh Sarvekshan and SBM-Urban guidelines. In addition to the MLE guidelines, the framework also captures the periodicity of indicator measurement as well as the source of verification of the information.